ABSTRAKSI: Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) adalah jaringan yang terdiri dari sekumpulan wireless mobile node yang saling berkomunikasi tanpa infrastruktur yang tetap. Mobilitas node pada VANET sangat tinggi dan ini menyebabkan perubahan dari topologi jaringan VANET yang sangat sering. Berdasarkan kondisi jaringan yang berubah-ubah tersebut maka proses pencarian jalur yang tepat merupakan salah satu hal yang menjadi masalah dalam VANET. Salah satu model arsitektur VANET yang membutuhkan proses pencarian jalur yang tepat yaitu Simple Highway Mobility Model (SHWM). SHWM merupakan model VANET yang daerahnya memiliki keterbatasan dalam ketersediaan device RSU. Komunikasi data pada SHWM dapat dilakukan dengan cluster ataupun tanpa cluster. Pada penelitian ini, SHWM tanpa cluster yang akan disimulasi dan akan dianalisis hasilnya.
Ada 2 jenis routing protocol, yaitu reactive dan proaktif. Destination Sequence Distance Vector (DSDV) dan Ad Hoc on Demand Distance Vector (AODV) merupakan dua routing protocol yang sering direkomendasikan untuk digunakan pada jaringan VANET. DSDV merupakan routing protocol proaktif, sedangkan AODV merupakan routing protocol reactive. Kedua routing protocol ini akan disimulasikan dalam kondisi jaringan VANET dengan node 10, 20, dan 40 serta kecepatan node 10m/s, 20m/s, dan 25m/s dengan menggunakan network simulator 2 (NS-2).
Evaluasi kinerja dari routing protocol DSDV dan AODV tersebut ditinjau dari parameter : routing overhead, normalized routing load, packet delivery ratio, packet loss ratio, dan convergence time. Namun, parameter packet delivery ratio dan packet loss ratio yang sangat berpengaruh pada hasil simulasi, sebab parameter ini mengindikasikan keberhasilan paket data yang dikirim dari node sumber ke node tujuan. Hasil dari simulasi ini kemudian dianalisis dan dihasilkan bahwa AODV lebih baik untuk kondisi jaringan yang tingkat mobilitasnya tinggi dan jumlah nodenya banyak. Pada skenario jumlah node 10 dengan kecepatan 10m/s didapat bahwa nilai packet delivery ratio AODV 94,9071% sedangkan packet delivery ratio DSDV 77.0833%, dan untuk parameter packet loss ratio nilai AODV sebesar 5,09294% sedangkan DSDV sebesar 22.9167%.
Kata Kunci : VANET, SHWM, reactive, proaktif, routing protocol, DSDV, AODV, routing overhead, normalized routing load, packet delivery ratio, packet loss ratio, convergence time, dan NS-2ABSTRACT: Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is a network that consists of a set of wireless mobile nodes that communicate with each other without a fixed infrastructure. Node mobility in VANET is very high and this causes a change of network topology VANET very often. Based on network conditions are changing the process of finding the right path is one that is at issue in the VANET. One of the VANET architecture model that requires the process of finding the right lane is Simple Highway Mobility Model (SHWM). SHWM is a regional model VANET which has limitations in the availability of RSU device. SHWM data communications can be performed on the cluster or no cluster. And for that, the area is also necessary process of finding the right path. In this research, SHWM without the cluster that will be simulated and analyzed the results.
There are two types of routing protocols, namely reactive and proactive. Destination Sequence Distance Vector (DSDV) and Ad Hoc on Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol is the two are often recommended for use on the VANET. DSDV is a proactive routing protocol, while AODV is a reactive routing protocol. Both of these routing protocols will be simulated in a state of VANET networks with nodes 10, 20, and 40 as well as node speed of 10m / s, 20m / s and 25m / s by using the network simulator 2 (NS-2).
Evaluate the performance of DSDV and AODV routing protocol is in terms of parameters: the routing overhead, normalized routing load, packet delivery ratio, packet loss ratio, and the convergence time. However, the parameter packet delivery ratio and packet loss ratio is very influential on the results of the simulation, because this parameter indicates the success of data packets sent from source node to destination node. The results of simulations are then analyzed and produced that AODV is better to network conditions and the high mobility rate nodenya much. In this scenario the number of node 10 with a speed of 10m / s is found that the packet delivery ratio of AODV 94.9071% while the packet delivery ratio of DSDV 77.0833%, and packet loss ratio for the parameter values of 5.09294%, while AODV DSDV of 22.9167%.Keyword: VANET, SHWM, reactive, proactive, routing protocols, DSDV, AODV, routing overhead, normalized routing load, packet delivery ratio, packet loss ratio, convergence time, and NS-2